ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE：To provide reference for the development and application of pharmacy popular-science video courseware. METHODS ：Combined with the problems existing in the medication of patients with chronic diseases at the present stage and the key points of medication management ，the theme ，content and form of this popular-science were determined ；the video shooting and production were completed ，and publicity and promotion were carried out. Questionnaire survey was conducted ， and the reception of pharmacy outpatient service in our hospital was counted ；the broadcasting effects of popular-science video were analyzed. RESULTS ：The theme of popular-science video courseware was determined to be self-medication management of patients with chronic diseases at home assisted by pharmacists. Combined with the “five moments ”of medication safety proposed by WHO ， the content included six units as knowing pharmacists ，understanding drugs ，taking drugs ，adding drugs ，checking drugs ，and discontinuing drugs. PPT video was used to explain the contents of each unit ，with an average duration of about 25 min. After the first unit was launched ，a total of 39 327 hits were received within two months. A total of 100 questionnaires were sent out ，97 questionnaires were collected （recovery rate of 97.0％）. Among them ，80（82.5％）thought it helpful to watch the video. Within two months after the broadcast of unit 1 video，the reception volume of pharmacy outpatient department of our hospital （1 160 person times ）increased by 104.2％ compared with the two months in the same period last year （568 person times ），and increased by 18.7％ compared with the two months before the broadcast （977 person times ）；99 patients came to the pharmacy outpatient department to consult because of watching the video ，and 55.6％ of the registered patients consulted the demonstration of video courseware and repeatedly mentioned related problems. CONCLUSIONS ：It is a beneficial exploration for pharmacists to develop popular-science video courseware with the theme of safe and rational drug use. It is the direction for future work to increase the scope of disease types ，target different groups of people or focus on different types of drugs and promot them in various forms.
ABSTRACT
Currently,medical imaging (ultrasound,mammography,CT,MRI) is of great value in diagnosis of breast lesions,and has a high sensitivity and accuracy in qualitative diagnosis.Based on medical imaging and with the rapid development,three dimensional (3D) printing and 3D reconstruction techniques can provide more information about accurate position,anatomical structures,morphology and volume of lesions and so on.And it is helpful in efficient communication with patient,making precise surgical plan,postoperative individual reconstruction and assessment of the effect after chemotherapy.The progresses of 3D reconstruction and printing techniques based on medical imaging in diagnosis of breast lesions were reviewed in this paper.
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Objective To evaluate the relationship between the grey scale ultrasonographic feature and estrogen receptor(ER),progesterone receptor(PR)or human epidermal growth factor receptor-2(HER-2)expression in infiltrating ductal cancer(IDC)of breast.Methods Seventy-three patients with IDC confirmed pathologically were involved in this study.The specimens wete examined immunohistochemistically to judge the expression of the related factors.ER,PR and HER-2 expression of the mastectomy specimens were determined with immunohistochemical staining technique.The correlation between the ultrasonographic features and ER,PR or HER-2 positive expression was analyzed. Results The ER positive rate in lesions with the spicule sign,echogenic halo or posterior shadowing were higher than in lesions without the spicule sign,echogenic halo or posterior shadowing(P＜0.01).The HER-2 positive rate in lesion with the calcifications and lymphadenectasis in axillary was higher than that in lesions without calcifications,or lymphadenectasis in axillary(P＜0.05).Conclusions A certain correlation exists between the ultrasonographic features and ER,HER-2 expression in patients with IDC.
ABSTRACT
Objective Comparing the enhancement of contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) with the intensity of the blood signals of breast masses, and producing the parameter of peak intensity (PI), to determine whether they can reflect the differentiation of the benign breast masses from the malignant ones.Methods Fifty patients with the breast masses (25 benign,25 malignant) were implemented the contrastenhanced ultrasound inspection.The blood signals of the masses could be got before performing the CEUS,then the CEUS was performed.The enhancement of the masses was divided into 4 grades according to the enhancement of breast which was around the mass (no enhancement, low enhancement, equal enhancement,and high enhancement as well).The PIs of all masses and high enhanced massed were calculated by software in machine,then them were compared according to "the groups which had been classified by their maximal diameters.Results Forty-one of 50 cases showed an obvious enhancement using CEUS compared with the routine CDFI.Malignant masses were more obviously than that of benign ones ( P＜0.05).In the 50 cases,the no enhanceed ones( n = 2) and equal enhanced ones( n = 5) were benign,and 1 case of the low enhanced masses( n = 9) was malignant.The high enhanced masses ( n = 34) were malignant or benigh.About the high enhanced masses, there were statistics meanings using the parameter of PI for the masses whose maximal diameters＜2 cm( P＜0.05),and no statistics meanings when their maximal diameters≥2 cm(P＞0.05).Conclusions The CEUS of breast can improve the appreance of the tumor' s blood vessel obviously, especially for malignant masses.The PI of the breast benign masses are different from the malignant ones.Combination of them can help to discriminate benign masses from malignant ones.The parameter of PI is useless for differentially diagnosing the breast masses if their maximal diameters≥2 cm and the blood flow grade Ⅲ before CEUS.